Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the breadcrumb-navxt domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /var/www/wordpress/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6114
自宅サーバ時代の「サーバ管理」 – コンピュータ学

rgb-green.net

自宅サーバ時代の「サーバ管理」

サーバの管理

MRTGによるシステムの監視

MRTGの構築(サーバ側:MainServer)

(1) インストール
# yum install mrtg
Installed: mrtg.i386 0:2.14.5-2
(2) 監視されるクライアント側のSNMPの設定
  • (ⅰ)SNMPのインストール
  • # rpm -qa | grep net-snmp
    net-snmp-libs-5.3.1-11.fc6
    net-snmp-5.3.1-15.fc6
    net-snmp-utils-5.3.1-15.fc6

  • (ⅱ)SNMPの設定
  • com2sec zodiac_network 192.168.1.0/24 zodiac_community
    group zodiac_group v1 zodiac_network
    group zodiac_group v2c zodiac_network
    view zodiac_view included .1
    access zodiac_group “” any noauth exact zodiac_view none none

  • (ⅲ)自動起動
  • # service snmpd start
    # chkconfig snmpd on

(3) MRTGの設定
  • (ⅰ)cfgファイルの設定
  • # cd /etc/mrtg/
    # cfgmaker zodiac_community@MainServer –output=./MainServer.cfg
    # vi MainServer.cfg
    ### Global Config Options
    WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg/MainServer
    Language: eucjp
    IconDir: /mrtg/icons/

    ### Global Defaults

    #—————–
    # eth0 traffic
    #—————–
    Target[eth0]: 2:zodiac_community@MainServer:
    SetEnv[eth0]: MRTG_INT_IP=”192.168.1.1″ MRTG_INT_DESCR=”eth0″
    MaxBytes[eth0]: 12500000
    Title[eth0]: Traffic Analysis for 2 — MainServer.ogino.tk
    PageTop[eth0]: Traffic Analysis for 2 — MainServer.ogino.tk

    #——————
    # cpu load average
    #——————
    Target[la]: 1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10.1.5.1&.1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10.1.5.3:zodiac_community@MainServer:
    ThreshMaxI[la]:50
    SetEnv[la]: EMAIL=”root@localhost”
    URL=”http://192.168.1.1/mrtg/MainServer/la.html”
    MaxBytes[la]: 100
    Title[la]: Load Average
    PageTop[la]: CPU Load Average on MainServer.ogino.tk
    YLegend[la]: CPU Load Average
    ShortLegend[la]: %
    LegendI[la]:1min avrg.
    LegendO[la]:15min avrg.
    #——————
    # memory usage
    #——————
    Target[mem]: 1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.6.0&.1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.4.0:zodiac_community@MainServer:
    ThreshMaxI[mem]:80
    SetEnv[mem]: EMAIL=”root@localhost”
    URL=”http://192.168.1.1/mrtg/MainServer/mem.html”
    MaxBytes[mem]: 190748
    Title[mem]: Memory Usage “real” and “swap”
    PageTop[mem]: Memory Usage “real” and “swap” on MainServer.ogino.tk
    YLegend[mem]: Memory Usage
    ShortLegend[mem]: kbyte
    LegendI[mem]:real Available.
    LegendO[mem]:swap Available.

  • (ⅱ)定期的なグラフの更新
  • # vi /etc/crontab
    */5 * * * * root env LANG=C /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg/MainServer.cfg
    */5 * * * * root env LANG=C /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg/BackupServer.cfg
    */5 * * * * root env LANG=C /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg/WWWServer.cfg


↑_ Goto TOP

MRTG(監視されるクライアント側:SubmainServerの設定)

(1) インストール
# tar -zxvf net-snmp-5.2.5.tar.tar
# cd net-snmp-5.2.5
# ./configure –prefix=/usr
# make
# make test
# umask 022
# make install
# ls -l /usr/sbin/snmpd
# ls -l /usr/sbin/snmptrapd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 366287 8月 21 18:22 /usr/sbin/snmptrapd
(2) 設定
# vi /usr/share/snmp/snmpd.conf

com2sec zodiac_network 192.168.1.0/24 zodiac_community

group zodiac_group v1 zodiac_network
group zodiac_group v2c zodiac_network

view zodiac_view included .1

access zodiac_group “” any noauth exact zodiac_view none none

(3) 動作確認
# /usr/sbin/snmpd
# snmpwalk -v 2c localcom localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021
# kill `ps -ef | grep snmpd | grep -v grep | awk ‘{print $2}’`
(4) 自動起動
# service snmpd start
# chkconfig snmpd on


↑_ Goto TOP

MRTG(監視されるクライアント側:BackupServerの設定)

(1) インストール
# rpm -qa | grep net-snmp
net-snmp-5.1.1-2
net-snmp-utils-5.1.1-2
(2) 設定
# vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
com2sec zodiac_network 192.168.1.0/24 zodiac_community

group zodiac_group v1 zodiac_network
group zodiac_group v2c zodiac_network

view zodiac_view included .1

access zodiac_group “” any noauth exact zodiac_view none none

(3) 自動起動
# service snmpd start
# chkconfig snmpd on


↑_ Goto TOP

Nagiosによるシステムの監視

Nagiosの構築(サーバ側:MainServer)

(1) インストール
  • (ⅰ)Nagios本体
  • $ tar -zxvpf nagios-3.0.3.tar.tar
    $ su –

    # groupadd nagcmd
    # /usr/sbin/groupadd nagcmd
    # /usr/sbin/usermod -G nagcmd △△△△
    # /usr/sbin/usermod -G nagcmd ○○○○
    # exit

    $ cd nagios-3.0.3
    $ ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nagios –with-command-group=nagcmd
    $ make all
    $ su

    # make install
    # make install-init
    # make install-commandmode
    # make install-config

  • (ⅱ)プラグイン
  • $ tar -zxvpf nagios-plugins-1.4.12.tar.gz
    $ cd nagios-plugins-1.4.12
    $ ./configure
    –with-apt-get-command:
    –with-ping6-command: /bin/ping6 -n -U -w %d -c %d %s
    –with-ping-command: /bin/ping -n -U -w %d -c %d %s
    –with-ipv6: yes
    –with-mysql: no
    –with-openssl: yes
    –with-gnutls: no
    –enable-extra-opts: no
    –with-perl: /usr/bin/perl
    –enable-perl-modules: no
    –with-cgiurl: /nagios/cgi-bin
    –with-trusted-path: /bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin

    $ make
    $ su
    # make install

(2) Webサーバの設定
  • (ⅰ)Apacheの設定ファイル
  • # vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin/ /usr/local/nagios/sbin/

    
     AllowOverride AuthConfig
     Options ExecCGI
     Order allow,deny
     Allow from all
    
    Alias /nagios/ /usr/local/nagios/share/
    
     AllowOverride AuthConfig
     Options None
     Order allow,deny
     Allow from all
    
    

    # /etc/init.d/httpd restart

  • (ⅱ)ユーザ及びパスワードの作成
  • # vi /usr/local/nagios/share/.htaccess
    AuthName “Nagios Access”
    AuthType Basic
    AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
    require valid-user

    # cp /usr/local/nagios/share/.htaccess /usr/local/nagios/sbin/
    # su nagios
    $ htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users ○○○○
    New password:
    Re-type new password:
    Adding password for user ○○○○

    # chmod 755 /usr/local/nagios/ ←/usr/local/nagios/が700であったのでPermissionエラーが出たので変更する。

(3) Nagiosの設定
  • (ⅰ)メイン設定ファイル
  • # su nagios
    $ cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/
    $ vi nagios.cfg
    cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
    cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
    cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg
    cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
    cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

  • (ⅱ)CGI設定ファイル
  • $ vi cgi.cfg
    authorized_for_system_information=○○○○ ←nagiosadminを○○○○に変更
    authorized_for_configuration_information=○○○○
    authorized_for_system_commands=○○○○
    authorized_for_all_services=○○○○
    authorized_for_all_hosts=○○○○
    authorized_for_all_service_commands=○○○○
    authorized_for_all_host_commands=○○○○

    host_unreachable_sound=hostdown.wav
    ←#をとる
    host_down_sound=hostdown.wav
    service_critical_sound=critical.wav
    service_warning_sound=warning.wav
    service_unknown_sound=warning.wav
    normal_sound=noproblem.wav

  • (ⅲ)リソース設定ファイル
  • $ vi resource.cfg ←最初からファイルが存在する

(4) 監視オブジェクトの設定

通知先の定義 contacts.cfg
# su nagios
$ cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/object/
$ vi contacts.cfg

define contact{
contact_name                ○○○○
  use                 generic-contact
  alias               Nagios Admin
  email               nagios@ogino.tk
  }
define contactgroup{
  contactgroup_name   admins
  alias               Nagios Administrators
  members             ○○○○
  }

(5) 設定の確認とNagiosの起動
  • (ⅰ)設定の確認
  • $ /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
    Total Warnings: 0
    Total Errors: 0

  • (ⅱ)Nagiosの起動及び自動起動
  • $ /etc/init.d/nagios start
    # chkconfig nagios on
    # chkconfig –list nagios
    nagios 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off


↑_ Goto TOP


© 2023

© 2023 Study of Reason, Inc. All rights reserved.